Invitation_visits eng 1.pdf - He just spat on his hand andrecommenced digging. “You are tired,” said the King, “let me take the spade and work awhile for you.” 4 Invitation to English - 2 “Thanks!” said the hermit, and, giving the spade to the King, he sat down on theground. When he had dug two beds, the King stopped and repeated his questions.

 
Details. File Format. Word. Apple Pages. Google Docs. Size: US, A4. Free Download. Download this free invitation letter for visa template to produce a well-formatted invitation letter in support of a person’s Visa application. One can download this template for absolutely free of cost, and edit it by replacing information wherever necessary.. Inje3ctor

Oct 1, 2022 · Documents Required. It would be very considerate if the applicant supports the invitation letter for visa application with any of the following documents: A scanned copy of the host’s identification card or passport. Proof of financial support. Proof of ownership of a property or flat, or a rental agreement. Dochub is the greatest editor for modifying your forms online. Follow this straightforward instruction to edit Application invitation visit in PDF format online for free: Sign up and log in. Create a free account, set a secure password, and go through email verification to start managing your templates. Add a document.Jan 28, 2022 · Inviting a person of repute as judge for a competition in the school or for inter-school, competition., Ans, St Agnes Public School, Rajnagar-O Pocket, Alwar-301 001, 5 1 OctcbE:r, 20YX, Mr lnder Sudama, MP, Alwar, , Subjer:;t Invitation for Judging Inter-School Competition, Respected Sir,, We shall be obliged if you could spare some time from ... A self-study reference and practice book for advanced students of English. Sample Letter. This is a sample for the Letter of Invitation-Business. Subject: Letter of business invitation for attending an Educational Seminar event. I want to invite you on behalf of Zebronic Seminar Services to attend the inauguration of our new business in Chennai city on Monday at 8 pm.The Protocol and Liaison Service is a division of the Department for General Assembly and Conference Management (DGACM) of the United Nations. It is located on the west side of the second floor of ...1. Prepare a Suitable Layout for Your Invitation Design. To start, you need a software application that lets you save your invitation design as a PDF file. Luckily, common choices (such as MS Word and Google Docs) have this feature built into them, so you won’t be short on options. With a fresh document ready, set your invitation’s paper size.Write out guests' full names. Don’t use the shortened versions of guests’ names. Write “Stephanie Smith” instead of “Steph Smith" and always use last names. 3. Include the hosts. One of the most important parts of the formal invitation is the inclusion of the event's host (s).Invitation Before application for Schengen visa To be filled in by persons in Sweden who wish to invite relatives or friends from abroad Fylls i av Migrationsverket/ Utlandsmyndigheten Dossiernummer Signatur Fill in this form if you wish to invite a relative or friend to visit you for maximum 90 days in a period of 180 days. Convert all pages in a PDF to JPG or extract all images in a PDF to JPG. Convert or extract PDF to JPG online, easily and free. The purpose of the visit of my parents, --- and --- is to visit me in ---. We have not seen each other in one year and would very much appreciate if we could spend time together. I have wanted to show my parents, --- and ---, the life I have built in - -- for a very long time and would appreciate the chance to reconnect. To, The Visa Officer, Embassy of Ireland, New Delhi. Dear Sir/Maam, I, inviter_name of legal age and holder of the Indian passport passport_number issued in. place_of_issue on date_of_issue have resided in Ireland for the past number_of_months months, and am permitted to remain in Ireland until gnib_expiry_date (please find enclosed photocopies of.Official Invitation Letter is a particular kind of letter which is usually written to invite people for office parties or in response to any type of official announcements. It is a formal letter. An official invitation letter can be used to send invitations for a business meeting, for event participation or to a chief guest of the event. It can ...Please intimate us in the following address and make. us aware if we need to fulfill any other terms & conditions for campus visit required. Need you. require further information, please call on us to facilitate you in the matter. Looking forward to your valued cooperation along with and a long-term association with.Learn how to create beautiful invitations with Visme in 5 easy steps below. Pick from one of the online invitation templates. Add your photos and event information inside the template. Customize the colors, fonts, icons, shapes and more. Use the default 5” x 7” size or change to your preferred size. Download with one click and either print ... Tips for Writing Invitation Letter. Make a Proper Address to The Guest: Do this by using the right name of the guest, the organization or the group that you are inviting. Maintain a polite tone in your letter since you are requesting the guest to attend into an event that you have set. Detail Oriented: Your letter has to have all the details ...Letter of Invitation for [Visitor’s Name]: Passport No:XXX77777. Dear Sir/Madam. I am writing this letter to support the visitor visa application for [Visitor’s Name]. She / he is fully resident in [country], and is my [relationship]. She / he lives at [Visitor’s Address] and their home phone number is (YY)XXXXXXX. Convert all pages in a PDF to JPG or extract all images in a PDF to JPG. Convert or extract PDF to JPG online, easily and free.Pdf Description. Page 1 : INVITATIONS AND REPLIES, , Invitation is a kind of personal notice sent individually to people. It can be, in the form of an invitation card, note or a letter. There are two types of, invitations :, (i) Formal invitations, (ii) Informal invitations, , FORMAL INVITATIONS, Formal invitations may be in the form of (a ...Complete the Invitation Letter form. Fill out the form with correct and sincere information about you, your guest, and the dates when your guest will enter and depart Canada. Also, ensure you provide correct information regarding the embassy or consulate to which you submit the invitation letter. Submit the request. Office of International Services | Oregon State University ... Á,Oct 1, 2022 · Documents Required. It would be very considerate if the applicant supports the invitation letter for visa application with any of the following documents: A scanned copy of the host’s identification card or passport. Proof of financial support. Proof of ownership of a property or flat, or a rental agreement. Write out guests' full names. Don’t use the shortened versions of guests’ names. Write “Stephanie Smith” instead of “Steph Smith" and always use last names. 3. Include the hosts. One of the most important parts of the formal invitation is the inclusion of the event's host (s).Details. File Format. Word. Apple Pages. Google Docs. Size: US, A4. Free Download. Download this free invitation letter for visa template to produce a well-formatted invitation letter in support of a person’s Visa application. One can download this template for absolutely free of cost, and edit it by replacing information wherever necessary.Replies to Invitations, Reply to an invitation is written to the host in response to, the invitation. It also informs the host whether you are, attending or not attending the occasion. A good reply is, always pleasant., Formal Replies, Formal replies involve a certain standard and form. They, are usually very short and to the point.Please intimate us in the following address and make. us aware if we need to fulfill any other terms & conditions for campus visit required. Need you. require further information, please call on us to facilitate you in the matter. Looking forward to your valued cooperation along with and a long-term association with.Office of International Services | Oregon State University ... Á,+2 INVITATION TO ENGLISH, PART-I - Free ebook download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free. This context is very useful for odisha board students in +2 as it involves all that texts to be covered in +2 examOffice of International Services | Oregon State University ... Á, INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 (NEW EDITION) Prose and Poetry) Approved by the Council of Higher Secondary Education, Odisha Bhubaneswar for +2 Examination Published by Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation and Production, Pustak Bhavan, Bhubaneswar 1 Editors Prof. Gangadhar Mishra Dr. Kamala Prasad Mohapatra Dr. Rajat Kumar Mohapatra1. Keep it short. As much as possible, your letter should be short and direct to the point. In a few concise yet descriptive paragraphs, you should be able to inform the recipient about the purpose of the event, as well as the full details concerning the specific occasion.You may also see formal interview letters. 2.INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 Published by Kabul Patel , 2017-07-11 20:06:48 Description: English-book Read the Text Version Pages: 1 - 50 51 - 100 101 - 150 151 - 151 ive. Was Alexander‘s achievement remarkable or ordinary?) (B) Some words are in italics in each of the following sentences, and three different meanings are given below the sentence.(Note) When a company/organization is extending an invitation, fill in the name of the company/organization as well as your title. Letter of Invita tion (Year) (Month) (Day)Click on the nationality of the visa applicant traveling to Japan. All foreign nationals/people who reside in the following countries/region and are required to obtain a short-term visa on visiting Japan are eligible to apply for a visa online from March 27, 2023. Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Taiwan ...Invititation to English - I (New Edition) is an anthology of prose and poetry texts meant for intensive study. It has been designed for formal academic learning at the Higher Secondary level with a view to developing L-S-R-W (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) skills about content material. The File Format. PDF. Size: 46 KB. Download. If you are simple planning on making an invitation letter design for an event or future celebrations, you don’t need to look for other sources—this page is the perfect place for you to download invitation letters.Jul 11, 2017 · Check Pages 1-50 of INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 in the flip PDF version. INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 was published by Kabul Patel on 2017-07-11. Find more similar flip PDFs like INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1. Download INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 PDF for free. He just spat on his hand andrecommenced digging. “You are tired,” said the King, “let me take the spade and work awhile for you.” 4 Invitation to English - 2 “Thanks!” said the hermit, and, giving the spade to the King, he sat down on theground. When he had dug two beds, the King stopped and repeated his questions.Complete the Invitation Letter form. Fill out the form with correct and sincere information about you, your guest, and the dates when your guest will enter and depart Canada. Also, ensure you provide correct information regarding the embassy or consulate to which you submit the invitation letter. Submit the request.Invitation is ask someone to join or come. The aim is to invite someone to our activities. Invitation card are typically used to invite events such as birthday party, wedding and other events. Part of Invitation Letter: Title (Birthday Party, Wedding Party, etc) Invite (Joe, George, Ira, Arai, etc) Time/Date sender.Jul 11, 2017 · Check Pages 1-50 of INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 in the flip PDF version. INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 was published by Kabul Patel on 2017-07-11. Find more similar flip PDFs like INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1. Download INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 PDF for free. Learn how to create beautiful invitations with Visme in 5 easy steps below. Pick from one of the online invitation templates. Add your photos and event information inside the template. Customize the colors, fonts, icons, shapes and more. Use the default 5” x 7” size or change to your preferred size. Download with one click and either print ...Inviting a person of repute as judge for a competition in the school or for inter-school, competition., Ans, St Agnes Public School, Rajnagar-O Pocket, Alwar-301 001, 5 1 OctcbE:r, 20YX, Mr lnder Sudama, MP, Alwar, , Subjer:;t Invitation for Judging Inter-School Competition, Respected Sir,, We shall be obliged if you could spare some time from ...Feb 22, 2023 · 4. Dinner Party Invitation Letter Undangan ini biasa diberikan untuk mengundang pada acara makan malam baik itu dirumah maupun di tempat lain. Bisa jadi untuk menghadiri acara formal, maupun event untuk socializing guys! 5. Invitation Letter for Visa Untuk yang satu ini, bentuk dari invitation letter-nya berupa surat formal. Dikirim ke kedutaan besar untuk File Format. PDF. Size: 46 KB. Download. If you are simple planning on making an invitation letter design for an event or future celebrations, you don’t need to look for other sources—this page is the perfect place for you to download invitation letters.Oct 17, 2011 · asking Latter to extend Invitation for Visit to Canada to Prime Minister of India (1965) Grateful if you would extend to Prime Minister Shastri with my warm regards invitation to pay official visit to Ottawa on mutually con- venient dates in early part of June if he definitely plans trip to North America at that time. PEARSON. 909 1. Prepare a Suitable Layout for Your Invitation Design. To start, you need a software application that lets you save your invitation design as a PDF file. Luckily, common choices (such as MS Word and Google Docs) have this feature built into them, so you won’t be short on options. With a fresh document ready, set your invitation’s paper size.1. Provide your family member with an invitation letter (this letter is to be written by you- the person inviting the family member for a visit) Include the purpose of the visit, the relationship to the individual, a statement of your status here in the U.S., and the length of time the family will be visiting (usually less than 3 months). First is, business invitation. Second is, friendly invitation. In any of the mention categories format and structure almost remains the same. In both the styles, you need to make use of perfect combination of present and future tense. Whichever type of letter you write, it is important to make use of impressive words.Subject- Letter of Invitation for Parents to Visit. Dear sir/madam. I am feeling overwhelmed as I sit to write this letter. I am writing this letter to invite you both for a visit to [name of the place]. I can feel that you are going through a busy schedule; therefore I have planned this trip for you.Click on the nationality of the visa applicant traveling to Japan. All foreign nationals/people who reside in the following countries/region and are required to obtain a short-term visa on visiting Japan are eligible to apply for a visa online from March 27, 2023. Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Taiwan ...Invitation Before application for Schengen visa To be filled in by persons in Sweden who wish to invite relatives or friends from abroad Fylls i av Migrationsverket/ Utlandsmyndigheten Dossiernummer Signatur Fill in this form if you wish to invite a relative or friend to visit you for maximum 90 days in a period of 180 days. Replies to Invitations, Reply to an invitation is written to the host in response to, the invitation. It also informs the host whether you are, attending or not attending the occasion. A good reply is, always pleasant., Formal Replies, Formal replies involve a certain standard and form. They, are usually very short and to the point.Site visit. The Bidder, at the Bidder’s own responsibility and risk, is encouraged to visit the Site of Works and obtain all information necessary for preparing the Bid and entering into a contract with the procuring entity. 3. Content of Bidding Documents. The set of bidding documents comprises the documents listed below: a) Invitation to QuoteJun 4, 2013 · Invitation is ask someone to join or come. The aim is to invite someone to our activities. Invitation card are typically used to invite events such as birthday party, wedding and other events. Part of Invitation Letter: Title (Birthday Party, Wedding Party, etc) Invite (Joe, George, Ira, Arai, etc) Time/Date sender. I am writing confirm that I wish to invite my [relationship to you, father or friend including. their full name - e.g. my Father, John Michael Smith], date of birth [e.g. 01/01/1980], nationality [e.g. British] to visit me in Salford/Manchester from [e.g. 05/06/2015] until [e.g. 10/06/2015]. The purpose of their visit is [to attend my ...TIME PERIOD. An interactive speaking practise exercise. Students practise functional language (including modals for invitations) Complete the text in the invitation conversation. Read the invitation and answer the questions. Just a simple template that allows students to create invitations.CHSE Class 12 Invitation to English 1 Answers Pdf (Prose and Poetry) Unit-I Prose. Chapter 1 My Greatest Olympic Prize. Chapter 2 On Examinations. Chapter 3 The Portrait of a Lady. Chapter 4 The Magic of Teamwork. Chapter 5 Development of Polio Vaccines. Unit-II Poetry. Poem 1 Daffodils.Draft an invitation in not more than 50 words giving all essential details., , 2.You are Rahul, son of Ram Singh, Ambedkar Colony, Chhindwara. Your father wants you to, draft a formal invitation to be sent on the occasion of your sister, Meera’s marriage. Prepare the, invitation., , 3.You are Somi.Mar 6, 2023 · 2. Write out guests' full names. Don’t use the shortened versions of guests’ names. Write “Stephanie Smith” instead of “Steph Smith" and always use last names. 3. Include the hosts. One of the most important parts of the formal invitation is the inclusion of the event's host (s). He just spat on his hand andrecommenced digging. “You are tired,” said the King, “let me take the spade and work awhile for you.” 4 Invitation to English - 2 “Thanks!” said the hermit, and, giving the spade to the King, he sat down on theground. When he had dug two beds, the King stopped and repeated his questions.To, The Visa Officer, Embassy of Ireland, New Delhi. Dear Sir/Maam, I, inviter_name of legal age and holder of the Indian passport passport_number issued in. place_of_issue on date_of_issue have resided in Ireland for the past number_of_months months, and am permitted to remain in Ireland until gnib_expiry_date (please find enclosed photocopies of. Mar 25, 2021 · Sample Invitation Letter for Parents. Dear parents, I, [mention the name], the [mention the post] of the reputable educational institution, [mention the name], am writing this letter to invite you to the Annual kids fair. It will take place on [mention the date] at the school playground and the time will be [mention it] to [mention it]. TEXT HISTORY. The year when the Pope. 1946. Emphasis on. POVERTY. first visited the country Squatters, scavengers, beggars these figures of the urban excess have served as important, politicizing images of social contradiction in the vigorous Philippine tradition of protest in literature, film and art from the 1960s to the present. fTEXT.Jul 27, 2022 · Sub- Business invitation letter for visa. Dear, [ mention the name of recipient] I [ mention your name] in the post of [ mention the post] at esteemed firm that is [mention the name of the firm] want to let you know that I want you to issue a visa for [ mention the name of the person] as he/she is going to [ mention the name of the place] for ... TEXT HISTORY. The year when the Pope. 1946. Emphasis on. POVERTY. first visited the country Squatters, scavengers, beggars these figures of the urban excess have served as important, politicizing images of social contradiction in the vigorous Philippine tradition of protest in literature, film and art from the 1960s to the present. fTEXT.I would like to invite my father-in-law Vidya Rattan (Indian Passport Number: XXXXX) and mother-in-law Raj Kumari (Indian Passport Number: XXXXXX) residing at C&D Block , SFS DDA Flats Shalimar Bagh Delhi- 110088, India, to visit me and my husband. We are expecting our first child in January 2013 (expected date of birth 24/01/2013). 1. Prepare a Suitable Layout for Your Invitation Design. To start, you need a software application that lets you save your invitation design as a PDF file. Luckily, common choices (such as MS Word and Google Docs) have this feature built into them, so you won’t be short on options. With a fresh document ready, set your invitation’s paper size.Sample Letter. This is a sample for the Letter of Invitation-Business. Subject: Letter of business invitation for attending an Educational Seminar event. I want to invite you on behalf of Zebronic Seminar Services to attend the inauguration of our new business in Chennai city on Monday at 8 pm.Subject- Letter of Invitation for Parents to Visit. Dear sir/madam. I am feeling overwhelmed as I sit to write this letter. I am writing this letter to invite you both for a visit to [name of the place]. I can feel that you are going through a busy schedule; therefore I have planned this trip for you.Please intimate us in the following address and make. us aware if we need to fulfill any other terms & conditions for campus visit required. Need you. require further information, please call on us to facilitate you in the matter. Looking forward to your valued cooperation along with and a long-term association with. Learn how to create beautiful invitations with Visme in 5 easy steps below. Pick from one of the online invitation templates. Add your photos and event information inside the template. Customize the colors, fonts, icons, shapes and more. Use the default 5” x 7” size or change to your preferred size. Download with one click and either print ...4. Dinner Party Invitation Letter Undangan ini biasa diberikan untuk mengundang pada acara makan malam baik itu dirumah maupun di tempat lain. Bisa jadi untuk menghadiri acara formal, maupun event untuk socializing guys! 5. Invitation Letter for Visa Untuk yang satu ini, bentuk dari invitation letter-nya berupa surat formal. Dikirim ke kedutaan besar untuk2. As a PDF attachment. For an extra-formal touch, create a PDF invitation on company letterhead and attach it to an email. This is a popular option when inviting a large audience (such as a group of shareholders) or when some invitees prefer having a hard copy of the invitation. Be sure to introduce your invitation with a brief email body ...Aug 16, 2023 · Click on the nationality of the visa applicant traveling to Japan. All foreign nationals/people who reside in the following countries/region and are required to obtain a short-term visa on visiting Japan are eligible to apply for a visa online from March 27, 2023. Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Taiwan ... Sample Letter. This is a sample for the Letter of Invitation-Business. Subject: Letter of business invitation for attending an Educational Seminar event. I want to invite you on behalf of Zebronic Seminar Services to attend the inauguration of our new business in Chennai city on Monday at 8 pm.File Format. PDF. Size: 46 KB. Download. If you are simple planning on making an invitation letter design for an event or future celebrations, you don’t need to look for other sources—this page is the perfect place for you to download invitation letters.Acknowledge the invitation. Express thanks in third person. Mention acceptance/regret. Specify the reason for refusal. Be brief and specific. Be formal in tone and treatment. Do not exceed the word limit (usually 50 words). fDraft a formal reply accepting an invitation to be.TEXT HISTORY. The year when the Pope. 1946. Emphasis on. POVERTY. first visited the country Squatters, scavengers, beggars these figures of the urban excess have served as important, politicizing images of social contradiction in the vigorous Philippine tradition of protest in literature, film and art from the 1960s to the present. fTEXT.The purpose of the visit of my parents, --- and --- is to visit me in ---. We have not seen each other in one year and would very much appreciate if we could spend time together. I have wanted to show my parents, --- and ---, the life I have built in - -- for a very long time and would appreciate the chance to reconnect. Invitation Before application for Schengen visa To be filled in by persons in Sweden who wish to invite relatives or friends from abroad Fylls i av Migrationsverket/ Utlandsmyndigheten Dossiernummer Signatur Fill in this form if you wish to invite a relative or friend to visit you for maximum 90 days in a period of 180 days.

Feb 3, 2021 · Formal Invitation Letter Format. The below format of the invitation letter include the following details-. Name of the host. Standard expression. Purpose of the invitation. Name of the honouree. Day, date, and time of the event. Name of the place, location with complete address. RSVP (Respond if it pleases you)- Include an RSVP – means ... . Chains

invitation_visits eng 1.pdf

Official Invitation Letter is a particular kind of letter which is usually written to invite people for office parties or in response to any type of official announcements. It is a formal letter. An official invitation letter can be used to send invitations for a business meeting, for event participation or to a chief guest of the event. It can ...To, The Visa Officer, Embassy of Ireland, New Delhi. Dear Sir/Maam, I, inviter_name of legal age and holder of the Indian passport passport_number issued in. place_of_issue on date_of_issue have resided in Ireland for the past number_of_months months, and am permitted to remain in Ireland until gnib_expiry_date (please find enclosed photocopies of. Dochub is the greatest editor for modifying your forms online. Follow this straightforward instruction to edit Application invitation visit in PDF format online for free: Sign up and log in. Create a free account, set a secure password, and go through email verification to start managing your templates. Add a document.Family members of F-1/J-1 students who are planning to visit you in the U.S. for a period of less than 6 months may need to apply for a tourist visa (B1/B2 visa). If your spouse or dependent children under the age of 21 would like to visit the U.S. for a longer period of time, they may need to apply for an F-2 or J-2 dependent visa.With our service submitting Letter Of Invitation To Visit The United States Of America (U.S. Visa) - IDispute only takes a few minutes. We make that achievable by offering you access to our feature-rich editor effective at altering/correcting a document?s initial textual content, adding unique boxes, and putting your signature on.First is, business invitation. Second is, friendly invitation. In any of the mention categories format and structure almost remains the same. In both the styles, you need to make use of perfect combination of present and future tense. Whichever type of letter you write, it is important to make use of impressive words.Learn how to create beautiful invitations with Visme in 5 easy steps below. Pick from one of the online invitation templates. Add your photos and event information inside the template. Customize the colors, fonts, icons, shapes and more. Use the default 5” x 7” size or change to your preferred size. Download with one click and either print ...Convert all pages in a PDF to JPG or extract all images in a PDF to JPG. Convert or extract PDF to JPG online, easily and free. Sample Invitation Letter for tourist and family visit visa January 1, 2017 Dear Visa Officer, I hereby invite my friend, Mr. John Smith (DOB: 01/01/1990; Passport Number: 123456789) to visit China for a period of 10 days, from Jan 10 to Jan 20, 2017. The purpose of his trip is to visit family and Informal invitation requires consideration and politeness, the steps to write an informal reply are: Step 1 – Acknowledging the invitation (First person) Step 2 – Second person should be used for the sender of invitation. Step 3 – Mention acceptance/regret. Step 4 – Specify the reason for refusal.Jul 11, 2017 · Check Pages 101-150 of INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 in the flip PDF version. INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1 was published by Kabul Patel on 2017-07-11. Find more similar flip PDFs like INVITATION TO ENGLISH - 1. Address the letter to a consular officer, an embassy official or the applicant himself. The applicant must be extremely meticulous where he must provide in the document all the necessary information such as: The full name of the host. The date of birth of the host. The address and contact number of the host in the us. A self-study reference and practice book for advanced students of English.Invitation VU2_da_010410_v1.0 Invitation form for visa applications 1. Information concerning the host – you, the inviting party PLEASE COMPLETE IN CAPITAL LETTERS First name Surname Address in Denmark Zip code City Nationality Marital status Telephone no. / mobile E-mail CPR-nr. (social security no.) Alien no. or Alien-ID if applicable .

Popular Topics